I have created a new partitioned table and imported 30 million rows into this partitioned table. By using below script I confirmed that all data is partitioned same as I created the partition function.
SELECT * FROM sys.partitions WHERE OBJECT_ID = OBJECT_ID('Table_Archive')
So far table partitioning looked like it is working. When I created table I did not added Index just to do the data inserts faster. So later when I added clustered Index on this table I noticed this. I ran the same above script what I noticed is 30 million rows are under one Index_id and one partition_id. Which I was not expecting to see.
Yes first created function with range, then scheme then created new table on the scheme. After loading data I added index on table Immediately after adding index I noticed table is not partitioned.