Ok, I see now. In 2005 there is some limitation on inserting node of xml into another node of xml. I believe this is resolved in 2008, but this is what I did in 2005 as a workaround.declare @Tree xml, @Node xmldeclare @Return xmlset @Tree = '<root><test>yak</test></root>'set @Node = '<test>yak2</test>'set @Return = convert(xml, (convert(nvarchar(max), @Tree) + convert(nvarchar(max), @Node)))set @Return.modify('insert /*[2] as first into /*[1]')set @Return.modify('delete /*[2]')select @ReturnNathan Skerl